Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 7 Articles
A supply chain is a complex network which\ninvolves the products, services and information flows\nbetween suppliers and customers. A typical supply chain\nis composed of different levels, hence, there is a need\nto optimize the supply chain by finding the optimum\nconfiguration of the network in order to get a good\ncompromise between the multi-objectives such as cost\nminimization and lead-time minimization. There are\nseveral multi-objective optimization methods which have\nbeen applied to find the optimum solutions set based\non the Pareto front line. In this study, a swarm-based\noptimization method, namely, the bees algorithm is\nproposed in dealing with the multi-objective supply chain\nmodel to find the optimum configuration of a given supply\nchain problem which minimizes the total cost and the\ntotal lead-time. The supply chain problem utilized in this\nstudy is taken from literature and several experiments\nhave been conducted in order to show the performance\nof the proposed model; in addition, the results have\nbeen compared to those achieved by the ant colony\noptimization method. The results show that the proposed\nbees algorithm is able to achieve better Pareto solutions for\nthe supply chain problem....
The problem of traffic and transportation has led to frustration, loss\r\nof time, fuel and waste of effort in organizing and controlling traffic. This\r\nwasted time is as a result of slow movement with increasing delays and has\r\nled to difficulties with respect to punctuality and interviews. Also, it has\r\nextended the energy and effort and increase in the proportion of air pollution\r\nand deterioration of behavior, as well. The problem of congestion during\r\npeak hours is due to the high population density and increased transportation\r\nand the growing demand for use in its various forms. In addition, this can be\r\nseen in light of the survival networks of roads and bridges intact without any\r\ndevelopment or change to accommodate changes as a result of this increase.\r\nThe researcher in this study examined the factors and variables affecting the\r\nurban transport such as land uses in the urban area, urban development and\r\nurban sprawl horizontal and increase in the density of urban areas, as well as\r\nthe study of the elements of assessing the efficiency of urban transport\r\nsystem and the basic principles of urban transport in Misurata....
Several authors have emphasized the\r\nimportance of analysing the impact of e-business, ecommerce\r\nand online-shopping on supply chain and\r\noperations management; however, it seems that to date\r\nno one has suggested a comprehensive framework that\r\ncould help identify and support supply chain design\r\ndecisions for companies about to enter the onlinebusiness\r\nin the consumer goods retail trade,\r\nencompassing the business drivers at a strategic level.\r\nThis paper aims to bridge the gap between theoretical\r\ntaxonomies or abstract models and the concrete supply\r\nchain design problems encountered by logistics managers\r\nwho need to take their Food & Beverage retail company\r\ninto the internet business while also preserving a\r\nconsistent alignment with their current company strategy.\r\nSome insights on this area are presented along with a\r\nfield study approach and a proposal of a 6-phase\r\nframework to jointly manage all the relevant strategic and\r\nfunctional aspects of supply networks....
This paper discusses good criteria for a supply\nchain performance measurement model and their level of\nimportance. The criteria were obtained from results of\nprevious research findings and recommendations from\nseveral researchers. The criteria are divided into two\ncategories, namely efficient and effective. To examine\nwhich criteria can be used to assess a supply chain\nperformance measurement model, a survey was\nconducted by distributing questionnaires to supply chain\nactors from different industry fields (both manufacturing\nand services) in Indonesia using random sampling\ntechniques. Data analysis using pairwise comparisons\nwith an analytical Hierarchy Process model showed that\nefficient criteria were more important than effective\ncriteria. Efficient criteria consisted of three sub-criteria:\nthe amount of data is not too much and low cost and output is\npresented in a simple form. Effective criteria consisted of\nthe criteria in the order of importance as follows: clarity,\nvalidity, comprehensiveness, responsiveness and\ndynamics. Further research is needed for developing a\nmodel that meets these criteria....
In recent years, the increased provision of\nbundled products and services has become an\nincreasingly relevant economic trend for manufacturers\nin achieving competitive advantage. The project\nenvironment has not been left untouched by this\neconomic trend, in particular throughout the delivery of\nintegrated project-service solutions in all project life cycle\nstages. Innovative value offerings encompass a complex\nnetwork of suppliers and subcontractors that is not stable\nand is arranged in a sporadic and unpredictable manner.\nMultiple case studies in the yacht industry were\nconducted to explore the configuration of project-service\nsolutions. The research constitutes an original\ncontribution to studies on servitization adoption in an\nindustrial project context from an inter-organizational\nperspective. It emerged that SMEs reorganize themselves,\nin order to provide flexible on-demand solutions to\ncustomers, by including all the capabilities within their\nnetwork. Newly arising professional roles are oriented to\nthe implementation of smart networks and are focused on\nservice infusion in order to provide increased customer\nvalue....
To encourage enterprises to conduct technology innovation, the government needs to formulate appropriate subsidies policy. This\npaper compares two R&D subsidy policies in a supplier-manufacturer supply chain, in which the manufacturer conducts R&D\nactivity for quality improvement. By means of game theory, we investigate the optimal decisions of the players under the two R&D\nsubsidy policies, that is, input subsidy policy and product subsidy policy. Finally, we compare the profits and welfare to explore the\nbetter R&D subsidy policy and provide decision support for government to formulate subsidy policy. The results show that under\ninput subsidy policy the optimal production output, quality improvement, profits, government subsidies, and social welfare are all\nlower than those of product subsidy policy. Therefore, the government should use product subsidy strategy to encourage enterprise\nR&D activities....
Contract parties have agreed the time of goods delivery based on the agreement that\r\nwas reached between them.According to the legislation the time of goods delivery is\r\ndetermined in two ways: determination of the day (time), determination of date when the\r\nobligation is fullfiled. According to the first the day is determined by the agreemend of the\r\nparties and this day is connected to a determined day or to a determined event.\r\nGoods delivery is also done based on a precisely determined term based on the contract\r\nagreement and it has to be strict and respected by both parties.\r\nApart to this, there are cases when contract parties do not determine the time for goods\r\ndelivery, and they determine the time after the contract was signed and regarding this there\r\nare three ways of delivery.Delivery is done 8 days after the contract is signed, but the Law on\r\nObligations and other legislations detrmine an addititional agreement to be signed between\r\npartis after the contract was signed.Delivery of goods on the determined day and time, means\r\nalso the fulfilment of the contract therefore the fulfilment brings to a better development of\r\ntrade and it does�t created delays from both parties. When there are no delays on goods\r\ndelivery on the determined time then there are also no casualties.All this has an impact on\r\nimproving the circulation of goods and in way perfection by which it is contributed to the\r\nbusiness perspectives and to the circulation of goods....
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